Yeping Han , Wenfang Wang

Institute of Life Science, Jiyang College of Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China
Author    Correspondence author
International Journal of Marine Science, 2025, Vol. 15, No. 6   
Received: 20 Sep., 2025    Accepted: 30 Oct., 2025    Published: 20 Nov., 2025

This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Phosphorus is an indispensable nutrient element in Marine ecosystems and plays a key role in the Marine food web and biogeochemical cycles. Phosphorus in the ocean exists in various chemical forms and is constantly cycled and transformed through biological and abiotic processes. This study Outlines the main sources of Marine phosphorus and its migration and transformation mechanisms in the Marine environment. The key environmental and biological factors influencing the bioavailability of phosphorus were analyzed. By comparing the relationship between primary productivity and phosphorus limitation in different sea areas, and combining regional cases such as the Mediterranean Sea, the South China Sea, and the North Atlantic, the impact of phosphorus supply changes on plankton communities and ecosystems is revealed. Finally, the evolution trend of the Marine phosphorus cycle under the background of global change and human activities is discussed, as well as the problems of eutrophication and red tides caused by phosphorus excess. The future research and management of the Marine phosphorus cycle are also prospected.

Marine phosphorus cycle; Bioavailability; Phosphorus limitation; Primary productivity; Eutrophication