Wenzhong Huang¹ , Yeping Han²

1 Biomass Research Center, Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resouces, Sanya, 572025, Hainan, China
2 Institute of Life Science, Jiyang College of Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China
Author    Correspondence author
International Journal of Aquaculture, 2025, Vol. 15, No. 4   
Received: 20 May, 2025    Accepted: 29 Jun., 2025    Published: 24 Jul., 2025

This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Aquatic ecosystems provide rich biodiversity and ecological service functions, but also face serious threats of degradation. This study reviews the main habitat types and characteristics of aquatic ecosystems, analyzes the main causes of habitat degradation, such as water conservancy engineering construction, pollution eutrophication, and overfishing, and discusses the impact of habitat degradation on fish population diversity, quantity and life cycle. At the same time, this study reviews a series of aquatic habitat restoration methods such as water conservancy engineering transformation, ecological restoration and ecological management, and discusses the positive role of these recovery measures on the restoration of fish population diversity, resource volume and ecological function. Based on the current research status and future trends, management suggestions such as strengthening comprehensive watershed management, promoting technological innovation and international cooperation were put forward, aiming to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for aquatic ecosystem restoration and fish protection.

Aquatic ecosystems; Habitat degradation; Ecological restoration; Fish populations; Biodiversity